As Mike said, a handheld VHF/UHF radio is about 8 ounces. Add a good telescoping antenna for better coverage.
About all I can say about repeater coverage is that it is different than cell phone coverage. In some areas, like Borrego, repeaters are accessible ALMOST anywhere. In the canyons of the John Muir Trail, not much coverage for anything, but with some surprises. (I document a few of these at
www.qsl.net/aa6j/pct .)
HF gear often weighs more, but can weigh less with the low-power rigs. HF requires a much longer antenna, usually made of wire strung between trees, etc. It's not common in the backcountry except by hobbiests, although I once made a phone call for a guy who was two days into the Emigrant Wilderness. He had a tiny homemade Morse code rig.
The autopatches to the phone system are cool, but almost exclusively require membership in that particular repeater system. Still, you can usually get a local to make a call when needed.
Morse code is no longer required for any ham license. The test itself is 35 multiple choice questions from a pool of about 500 questions that are published in books. My daughter got her license at 11, so it's not real technical.
AA6J