Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby Hikin_Jim » Tue Jun 30, 2015 12:07 pm

RichardK wrote: I just cannot accept that a thirsty Bill decided to hike 2 miles further away from his car to a canyon that, according to posts in this thread, has no potable water.
Are you referring to Smith-Water Canyon? Smith-Water Canyon frequently does have water. On my trip to reconnoiter the area/look for Bill, there was water in Smith-Water Canyon.

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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby RichardK » Tue Jun 30, 2015 8:10 pm

Jim - It is not that there is no water in SWC, but there is no drinkable water. Your picture shows a pool that animals would drink from. Would you drink that water without treatment or filtration? Did Bill carry water treatment supplies on a desert hike where his itinerary of Lost Horse and Quail Mountain passed nowhere near any water source? Even if he felt thirst, how likely is he to hike two miles away from his vehicle? In the time it would take to reach the canyon, he could have been halfway back to his car - a far more reasonable choice. If Bill's remains are found in SWC, it is because he wandered there in a mental stupor, not because it was a deliberate decision.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby adamghost » Wed Jul 01, 2015 2:05 am

For what it's worth, I've never been able to find the water in SWC any of the times I've been in it. I wasn't particularly looking for it, but the point is, it would have been a bad bet for Bill to head that way assuming he'd be able to fill his water bottle -- and, as RichardK has pointed out, the water itself would probably be fairly sketchy.

I do think the water question is relevant because it likely would have been a hidden factor in some seemingly puzzling decisions Bill would have had to have made once he was lost to get himself where he (if you believe the ping was all it seemed to be) pinged the tower. If you're moving on the ground and you're compromised and thirsty, you have to make your best guess on life or death decisions - a lot of things that seem logical on the map are impossible on the ground and vice versa, and you have a limited amount of physical capital to expend. When I was trying to figure out why and how Bill would have diverted to Upper Covington, an attempt to find water (there is a spring, the only one in the area not marked "dry" on the topo though I don't believe there is water there, in the canyon running between Upper and Lower Covington) is the only semi-logical reason I could come up with.

But I basically agree with RichardK. Tom's SWC theory is the most logical and intuitive one based on the available evidence, but it doesn't really make sense. You can't blame Tom; the problem is the available evidence is pretty kooky.

This is Adam Marsland by the way.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby OtherHand » Wed Jul 01, 2015 8:07 am

The true quality of the water that's in Smith Water is immaterial. What matters is what Bill would have thought was there. Descriptions you'll find of Smith Water usually mention water can be found there year round. And here's an excerpt from "On Foot in Joshua Tree National Park" by Furbush, pretty much the bible of Joshua Tree hiking. I'm fairly confident Bill had a copy:

"Smith Water Canyon is a beautiful canyon. It is one of the lushest canyons in the park. The canyon walls rise steeply to high mountain peaks. In the center of the canyon, clear water cascades down through a series of smooth potholes. Several pools lined with bright green algae lie beneath small waterfalls. Tall grasses, cattails and flowers carpet the sides of the intermittent stream."

On one of Bill's other lists he had put down Smith Water as a possibility, so he knew about the place. But all of what he knew would have been what he read, and the published accounts make it seem quite attractive and with water.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby RichardK » Wed Jul 01, 2015 9:08 am

Hi Adam, welcome to the board. Yes, the evidence is kooky. I have been hiking regularly for the last 16 years. If there is a common pattern among hikers, it is you decide on a particular hike and go hike it. It is not that hikers don't ever change their plans on the fly, it is that they usually don't. Bill's plan, per his itinerary, was Lost Horse and Quail Mountain. It was ambitious to do both in a day with Bill's late starting time, but we don't know how fast he hiked. If he normally did a brisk pace, then both hikes in a day are not unreasonable. I don't believe Bill set out from the Juniper Flat trailhead with any other goal in mind but Quail Mountain. No wandering, epic hike. Lost Horse and Quail in a day are epic enough.

So, what happened to Bill? Did he get lost on the slopes of Quail with its sweeping views of the surrounding countryside and with his military experience in recon? I don't think so. If he suffered a physical injury, but could still hobble, he would have returned to his car. If he couldn't stand, he would have been found by the first search. To Tom's point, did a thirsty Bill head to SWC relying on descriptions of flowing water? I just cannot get past it being two additional miles away from his car. Even if he got there, drank from a spring, and filled his two water bottles, he still has eight waterless miles back to his car. I would not have done it no matter how thirsty I was and how much I knew I needed water in a hurry. I would have just gone back to my car. Besides, SWC is nearly two miles long. Look at the 7.5' topo map. Not a single spring is plotted. Exactly where is the water? Did Bill plan on dropping into the canyon and walking back and forth until he found water? Considering that many maps were found in Bill's condo, you know he had that map in his pack. I just cannot think of any explanation other than he lost it mentally and wandered.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby Hikin_Jim » Wed Jul 01, 2015 1:23 pm

RichardK wrote:Would you drink that water without treatment or filtration?
I'd drink it in a New York minute. Giardiasis takes +/- 10 days incubation, and giardiasis typically isn't fatal. Dehydration on a hot day can have you dead in a matter of hours. Hiker's rule: Unless you know it's absolute poison, ALWAYS DRINK.

However, to OtherHand's point, it doesn't matter what is actually in Smith Water; what matters is what Bill thought was there. If he was getting mentally sketchy due to dehydration, he may have gotten obsessed with water and headed toward the only water he knew about: Smith Water. Human beings often obsess in survival situations. They narrow down the overwhelming situation to a simple mono-objective, in this case water. Read Laurence Gonzales' Deep Survival some time. Fascinating stuff how people can ignore all else in a survival situation and focus on that one thing that they feel is critical to surviving.

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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby adamghost » Wed Jul 01, 2015 1:58 pm

I think Tom's point that Bill would have been under the impression there was water in SWC is fair...but I also agree with Richard that it still doesn't seem like a very plausible move (though as I said, it was the most plausible theory available) - the one mitigating factor might be that once he gets out of SWC he's back at the California Riding and Hiking Trail, which is a straight (though long) shot back to his car. So a loop might have been attractive.

The Bill wandering around lost theory made the most sense to me too - this is why I spent so much time in Upper Covington. The problem is the ping location + the topography and geography. There's plenty of places for Bill to wander to the west, but once you're far enough north to hit 10.6, you have to ask yourself why he didn't just walk out, particularly if he knew the geography well enough to orient himself, and the badlands present a hard limit for where Bill might have gone unless he intentionally went in there and was more able-bodied than one would expect. I have to stress there are just MUCH easier ways to go from that point and in any direction he hits a road or a clear trail within a mile or so (he also should have hit a trail on the way in, but it is conceivable that he crossed it without seeing it). I have checked this out. If Bill goes to Smith Water, then again, he can see his way out and he should have just headed down to Quail Spring. No reason to go back (unless he sees a helicopter) and climbing down and up the north side is just nuts. Now, there ARE plenty of places up on the south side of SWC where Bill could have been hidden, but Tom and his guys have been thorough; I can attest to that. I was wandering up what I thought was a horrible unlikely approach thinking nobody would have searched there before when lo and behold I encountered the footprints from Tom's previous search party. And even though I made a big deal out of that one spot on SWC that fits all the facts, it's still very hard to understand how he got to that spot without pinging earlier. Yes, you could do it, but you'd have to almost be trying to avoid hitting a cell tower. The topography doesn't seem to add up.

To me it all hinges on the ping, and the more I have run down locations and senarios, the ping makes the most sense by far if it was a staged event. I know this sounds off the wall at first, but having looked into a lot of missing persons cases, throwing off false clues is fairly common practice, and cell phone evidence is one of the first things law enforcement looks at. I dismissed this theory out of hand for a long time because I couldn't figure out how it would be done, but after awhile I realized it did all track a particular scenario.

The ping went off just after sunrise on Sunday morning - that is to say, just after dawn, on the first full day after Bill's car was found, just as the search is being formed, but before anyone is out. It goes off for 10 seconds (LATER EDIT: per posts below, "10 seconds" is inaccurate. Ping was actually characterized as "extremely short", not a specific length of time), strong signal, supposedly Bill is moving - none of which makes any sense. Why would Bill leave his phone on moving around if he's been out for nearly three days and the battery is almost dead? Why only 10 seconds if it's a strong signal? Why no ping before or after? And so forth. However, if you were trying to plant a cell phone record, these characteristics and timing are exactly what you would expect. You get up bright and early before the search gets underway and take the phone into an area near where you believe there is reception and where it would strongly imply Bill was wandering into a wilderness never to be found, walk around until the texts and voice mails start coming in, and then turn it off. That fits what we know of the ping perfectly.

Is there a place where if the ping was triangulated it would strong imply a lost hiker heading into an area where he would never be found, and to which Bill could conceivably wander without pinging a cell tower in the interim, but nonetheless would be very easily accessible? Why yes there is - the west side of Upper Covington. Even though it is a very remote area, it is just a 20 minute drive from Yucca Valley, and then a 15 minute easy walk from the road. Get up at the crack of dawn the day after the car is found, drive down, walk over, wave the phone around, walk back, drive back, long before anyone would be mobilized. Chances of detection would be zero. The information about the cell coverage areas necessary is easily obtainable to anyone from Verizon's website.

Once the ping goes off, in the concern to find Bill alive everyone understandably overlooks the considerably odd circumstances of Bill's car not being seen by the rangers and supposedly being seen on Saturday wrong way around (which is also suggestive to me of a particular scenario), not to mention other oddball details like Bill's pass not scanning that I'm not sure have significance or not, and stays focused on looking for Bill. Which I think was probably the intent.

That's how it adds up to me. Now who would have staged it and why, I'm not prepared to speculate publicly about that. Certain scenarios fit better than others. The bottom line is nobody knows for sure, and the theory above could easily be all or partly wrong. It's just what, as of now, tracks the known facts to my thinking. But I had roughly the same ideas and concerns as you Richard, and once I got on the ground and tried to make it work, I couldn't, even though the west end of Upper Covington kept proving out to be the most likely spot for the phone to have gone off (to me).
Last edited by adamghost on Fri Jul 10, 2015 2:03 pm, edited 2 times in total.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby adamghost » Wed Jul 01, 2015 2:03 pm

Hikin_Jim wrote:
RichardK wrote:Would you drink that water without treatment or filtration?
I'd drink it in a New York minute. Giardiasis takes +/- 10 days incubation, and giardiasis typically isn't fatal. Dehydration on a hot day can have you dead in a matter of hours. Hiker's rule: Unless you know it's absolute poison, ALWAYS DRINK.

However, to OtherHand's point, it doesn't matter what is actually in Smith Water; what matters is what Bill thought was there. If he was getting mentally sketchy due to dehydration, he may have gotten obsessed with water and headed toward the only water he knew about: Smith Water. Human beings often obsess in survival situations. They narrow down the overwhelming situation to a simple mono-objective, in this case water. Read Laurence Gonzales' Deep Survival some time. Fascinating stuff how people can ignore all else in a survival situation and focus on that one thing that they feel is critical to surviving.

HJ


Totally true Jim, but as Tom himself and others pointed out, at the time Bill would have had to have struck out to SWC, he shouldn't have been that far advanced in terms of dehydration. At that point it was a comparatively easy 5-6 mile downhill return to his car vs. a 2-3 mile trek in rough terrain away from his car to an uncertain water source. I think most of us in that situation are going to hoof it back to the car as fast as possible. Once he got into trouble, yes -- but that would seemingly have to have been after he ventured away from Quail Mountain.
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby OtherHand » Wed Jul 01, 2015 2:55 pm

It's been sort of interesting watching "fact drift" develop. There was no 10 second ping. Not sure where that came from. The ping was only described as "extremely short". Likewise the idea that Bill was moving during the ping is not substantiated beyond speculation on the part of the Sheriff's investigator.

Below is an excerpt of the email I received from Investigator Martinez so very long ago. It was his second, and last, email to me. In his first email he talked about the ping time and location, and the other call Bill made that was recorded. But that's not really pertinent to this discussion. So this is the extent of the factual data, as far as I know.

"When I spoke to the Verizon technician he told me that the length of the ping was extremely short, although the quality was good. I specifically asked regarding the accuracy and he told me it was 90% accurate. It seems to me that the 10.6 miles reading from the hand held unit to the cell tower is pretty accurate. We use pings in many of our investigations and they get us real close.

I suspect that Ewasko's battery on his cell phone died rather quickly if it was searching for a signal. I think he probably turned on the phone attempted a call and it shut off due to a dead battery. That's the signal that was probably captured, just my opinion.

I don't think Ewasko stayed put after the call didn't go through."
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Re: Story of missing hiker in Joshua Tree NP

Postby Hikin_Jim » Wed Jul 01, 2015 3:12 pm

Well, I don't pretend to have a crystal ball, but it may be a bit early to rule out Smith-Water just yet. Having been on Quail and having descended into Smith-Water, I can attest to the deceptive nature of the terrain. It really doesn't look that bad. Two miles? That's really not that far. And when you look out across the region between Quail and Smith-Water, alarm bells do not go off. It looks rather placid as a matter of fact. Unless you're a good map reader AND have detailed 1:24's, you're not necessarily going to know better. If all you have is a crappy, hard-to-read Trails Illustrated Joshua Tree Map (generally the most available), you may not realize what you're in for until you get to the edge.

I would ask two questions:
1) Did Bill have water in the car? (based on his picking up water at the store, I don't think he did)
2) How detailed of a map did he have?

Bill doesn't strike me as a careful planner. I'd have had 6 to 8 liters of water on my person, more water in the car, and I'd have had very detailed 1:24K maps. I'd also have had sat photos or at least have reviewed them. The idea of going out there with only a couple of bottles of water makes me just shake my head in disbelief.

I had it drilled into my head by my dad: Always have water in the car, particularly at a remote trailhead. And by the army: Always carry minimum one gallon of water for desert patrols (I was assigned to Ft. Huachuca, AZ on three separate occasions), and that one gallon was a minimum; we typically carried more.

Having hiked extensively over the years in CA, AZ, NV, and UT, planning hikes around water is just a way of life, a mind set, for me. Were I running low and had I an existing interest in a particular canyon, a canyon known to have water, I might very well strike out for that water, especially if I did not have water in the car. If Bill did indeed set out late and still go to Lost Horse AND Quail, then Bill might be quite ambitious. Maybe "stretching" it a bit to get that last extra little bit of Joshua Tree in on his all-too-few trips out west put him over the top in his decision making -- and sent him to Smith Water. Once committed to that course, perhaps then he got truly sketchy mentally and proceeded on my previously suggested course of water-obsession.

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