It's actually the most humane solution. No permanent damage. This is better than throwing rocks or a swift kick to the head. Dogs are unpredictable. I've been bitten by a dog that was wagging it's tail. Some dogs are so vicious that no amount of kindness or calmness is going to solve the issue. If you ever go running on the streets of Desert Hot Springs it's essential to carry pepper spray.
For the record, I try to give a dog warning first. If the dog continues to approach, then I use the pepper spray.
